آرایش الکترونی عناصر (صفحه اطلاعات)

NIST

• http://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/IonEnergy/ionEnergy.html ; retrieved July 2005, (elements 1–104) based on:
  • Atomic Spectroscopy, by W.C. Martin and W.L. Wiese in Atomic, Molecular, & Optical Physics Handbook, ed. by G.W.F. Drake (AIP, Woodbury, NY, 1996) Chapter 10, pp. 135-153.

This website is also cited in the CRC Handbook as source of Section 1, subsection Electron Configuration of Neutral Atoms in the Ground State.

• 91 Pa : [Rn] 5f²(³H₄) 6d 7s²
• 92 U : [Rn] 5f³(⁴I^o_9/2) 6d 7s²
• 93 Np : [Rn] 5f⁴(⁵I₄) 6d 7s²
• 103 Lr : [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 7s² 7p¹ question-marked
• 104 Rf : [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d² 7s² question-marked

CRC

• David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 1, Basic Constants, Units, and Conversion Factors; Electron Configuration of Neutral Atoms in the Ground State. (elements 1–104)
• Also subsection Periodic Table of the Elements, (elements 1–103) based on:
  • G. J. Leigh, Editor, Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1990.
  • Chemical and Engineering News, 63(5), 27, 1985.
  • Atomic Weights of the Elements, 1999, Pure & Appl. Chem., 73, 667, 2001.

WebElements

• http://www.webelements.com/ ; retrieved July 2005, electron configurations based on:
  • Atomic, Molecular, & Optical Physics Handbook, Ed. Gordon W. F. Drake, American Institute of Physics, Woodbury, New York, USA, 1996.
  • J.E. Huheey, E.A. Keiter, and R.L. Keiter in Inorganic Chemistry : Principles of Structure and Reactivity, 4th edition, HarperCollins, New York, USA, 1993.
  • R.L. DeKock and H.B. Gray in Chemical Structure and bonding, Benjamin/Cummings, Menlo Park, California, USA, 1980.
  • A.M. James and M.P. Lord in Macmillan's Chemical and Physical Data, Macmillan, London, UK, 1992.

• 103 Lr : [Rn].5f¹⁴.7s².7p¹ tentative ; 2.8.18.32.32.9.2 [inconsistent]
• 104 Rf : [Rn].5f¹⁴.6d².7s² tentative
• 105 Db : [Rn].5f¹⁴.6d³.7s² (a guess based upon that of tantalum) ; 2.8.18.32.32.11.2
• 106 Sg : [Rn].5f¹⁴.6d⁴.7s² (a guess based upon that of tungsten) ; 2.8.18.32.32.12.2
• 107 Bh : [Rn].5f¹⁴.6d⁵.7s² (a guess based upon that of rhenium) ; 2.8.18.32.32.13.2
• 108 Hs : [Rn].5f¹⁴.6d⁶.7s² (a guess based upon that of osmium) ; 2.8.18.32.32.14.2
• 109 Mt : [Rn].5f¹⁴.6d⁷.7s² (a guess based upon that of iridium) ; 2.8.18.32.32.15.2
• 110 Ds : [Rn].5f¹⁴.6d⁹.7s¹ (a guess based upon that of platinum) ; 2.8.18.32.32.17.1
• 111 Rg : [Rn].5f¹⁴.6d¹⁰.7s¹ (a guess based upon that of gold) ; 2.8.18.32.32.18.1
• 112 Uub : [Rn].5f¹⁴.6d¹⁰.7s² (a guess based upon that of mercury) ; 2.8.18.32.32.18.2
• 113 Uut : [Rn].5f¹⁴.6d¹⁰.7s².7p¹ (a guess based upon that of thallium) ; 2.8.18.32.32.18.3
• 114 Uuq : [Rn].5f¹⁴.6d¹⁰.7s².7p² (a guess based upon that of lead) ; 2.8.18.32.32.18.4
• 115 Uup : [Rn].5f¹⁴.6d¹⁰.7s².7p³ (a guess based upon that of bismuth) ; 2.8.18.32.32.18.5
• 116 Uuh : [Rn].5f¹⁴.6d¹⁰.7s².7p⁴ (a guess based upon that of polonium) ; 2.8.18.32.32.18.6
• 117 Uus : [Rn].5f¹⁴.6d¹⁰.7s².7p⁵ (a guess based upon that of astatine) ; 2.8.18.32.32.18.7
• 118 Uuo : [Rn].5f¹⁴.6d¹⁰.7s².7p⁶ (a guess based upon that of radon) ; 2.8.18.32.32.18.8

Lange

• J.A. Dean (ed), Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (15th Edition), online version, McGraw-Hill, 1999; Section 4, Table 4.1 Electronic Configuration and Properties of the Elements. (Elements 1–103)

• 97 Bk : [Rn] 5f⁸ 6d 7s²
• 103 Lr : [Rn] 4f¹⁴ [sic] 6d 7s²

Hill and Petrucci

• Hill and Petrucci, General Chemistry: An Integrated Approach (3rd edition), Prentice Hall. (Elements 1–106)

• 58 Ce : [Xe] 4f² 6s²
• 103 Lr : [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹ 7s²
• 104 Rf : [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d² 7s² (agrees with guess above)
• 105 Db : [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d³ 7s²
• 106 Sg : [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁴ 7s²